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如何申请法律援助/李琳萍

作者:法律资料网 时间:2024-07-22 09:22:45  浏览:8323   来源:法律资料网
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如何申请法律援助

李琳萍


案例:
  李大爷与老伴现在已有75岁了,两人共生育有二子一女,女儿外嫁他村,两个儿子也均已成家。在儿子成家后,李大爷进行了家产分割,女儿外嫁而不参与分配。分家后,两个儿子与李大爷夫妇约定,每人轮流赡养两个老人各一年。大儿子在赡养老人一年后,轮到二儿子赡养老人了,二儿子却说因为分割不均,现在要重新分家,否则不赡养老人。老人没办法只有回到大儿子家,而大儿子却说,不公平,说好了二儿子也要赡养的,现在二儿子不养老人,自己也不养了。现在两老人体弱多病,无奈只有搬到女儿家住,而女儿家境也不宽裕,仅靠自己微薄的收入无法赡养两个老人。两老人无生活依靠,只好向法院起诉,要求两个儿子支付赡养费用。因为两老人是文盲,不懂法、不识字,该如何才能维护他们的诉讼权利呢?有人说可以申请法律援助,那么法律援助又是怎么回事?
分析:
  法律援助,是指在国家法律援助机构的指导和协调下,律师、公证员等法律服务人员为某些经济困难或特殊案件的当事人提供免费或减费的法律帮助,以保障他们的合法权益得以实现的一项法律制度。
申请法律援助的范围:
  《法律援助条例》第十条、第十一条、第十二条明确规定,公民有下列事项,没有委托代理人或辩护人的,可以申请法律援助或由人民法院指定辩护:(一)依法请求国家赔偿的;(二)请求给予社会保险待遇或者最低生活保障待遇的;(三)请求发给抚恤金、救济金的;(四)请求给付赡养费、抚养费、扶养费的;(五)请求支付劳动报酬的;(六)主张因见义勇为行为产生的民事权益的; (七)犯罪嫌疑人在被侦查机关第一次询问后或者采取强制措施之日起,因经济困难没有聘请律师的;(八)公诉案件中的被害人及其法定代理人或者近亲属,自案件移送审查起诉之日起,因经济困难没有委托诉讼代理人的;(九)自诉案件的自诉人及其法定代理人,自案件被人民法院受理之日起,因经济困难没有委托诉讼代理人的;(十)公诉人出庭公诉的案件,被告人因经济困难或者其他原因没有委托辩护人,人民法院为被告人指定辩护时,法律援助机构应当提供法律援助;(十一)被告人是盲、聋、哑人或者未成年人而没有委托辩护人的,或者被告人可能被判处死刑而没有委托辩护人的,人民法院为被告人指定辩护时,法律援助机构应当提供法律援助,无须对被告人进行经济状况的审查。
申请法律援助的条件:
  申请法律援助的公民一般应符合下列条件:(一)靠领取最低生活保障金生活的;(二)五保户、特困户、灾民等接受生活救济的;(三)住所地或者经常居住地街道办事处、乡(镇)人民政府证明其家庭生活确实困难的。对于公民经济困难的标准,按案件受理地所在省、自治区、直辖市人民政府的规定执行。申请人住所地的经济困难标准与受理申请的法律援助机构所在地的经济困难标准不一致的,按照受理申请的法律援助机构所在地的经济困难标准执行
申请法律援助的手续:
  公民申请法律援助应当提交下列证件、证明材料: (一)身份证或者其他有效的身份证明,代理申请人还应当提交有代理权的证明;(二)经济困难的证明;(三)与所申请法律援助事项有关的案件材料。申请应当采用书面形式,填写申请表;以书面形式提出申请确有困难的,可以口头申请,由法律援助机构工作人员或者代为转交申请的有关机构工作人员作书面记录。
  法律援助机构将自受理之日起15日内对其申请进行审查。法律援助机构根据案件或者事件的具体情况,可以适当延长对申请进行审查的时间,但是延长时间最多不得超过10日。而申请人对法律援助机构作出不予提供法律援助的决定有异议的,可以向确定该法律援助机构的司法行政部门提出。同级人民政府将在收到重新审议申请之日起15日内作出审议决定,并书面通知申请人和法律援助机构。
法律援助终止的情况:
  办理法律援助案件的人员遇有下列情形之一的,应当向法律援助机构报告,法律援助机构经审查核实的,应当终止该项法律援助:(一)受援人的经济收入状况发生变化,不再符合法律援助条件的;(二)案件终止审理或者已被撤销的;(三)受援人又自行委托律师或者其他代理人的;(四)受援人要求终止法律援助的。


荔浦县人民法院 李琳萍
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中华人民共和国外汇管理暂行条例(附英文)

国务院


中华人民共和国外汇管理暂行条例(附英文)
国务院


(一九八0年十二月五日国务院常务会议通过)

第一章 总 则
第一条 为了加强外汇管理,增加国家外汇收入,节约外汇支出,有利于促进国民经济的发展,并维护国家权益,特制定本条例。
一切外汇的收入和支出,各种外汇票证的发行和流通,以及外汇、贵金属和外汇票证等进出中华人民共和国国境,都应当遵守本条例的规定。
第二条 本条例所称外汇系指:
一、外国货币:包括钞票、铸币等;
二、外币有价证券:包括政府公债、国库券、公司债券、股票、息票等;
三、外币支付凭证:包括票据、银行存款凭证、邮政储蓄凭证等;
四、其他外汇资金。
第三条 中华人民共和国对外汇实行由国家集中管理、统一经营的方针。
中华人民共和国管理外汇的机关为国家外汇管理总局及其分局。
中华人民共和国经营外汇业务的专业银行为中国银行。非经国家外汇管理总局批准,其他任何金融机构都不得经营外汇业务。
第四条 在中华人民共和国境内,除法律、法令和本条例另有规定者外,一切中外机构或者个人的外汇收入,都必须卖给中国银行,所需外汇由中国银行按照国家批准的计划或者有关规定卖给。
在中华人民共和国境内,禁止外币流通、使用、质押,禁止私自买卖外汇,禁止以任何形式进行套汇、逃汇。

第二章 对国家单位和集体经济组织的外汇管理
第五条 中国境内的机关、部队、团体、学校,国营企业、事业单位,城乡集体经济组织(以下统称境内机构)的外汇收入和支出,都实行计划管理。
国家允许境内机构按照规定持有留成外汇。
第六条 境内机构除经国家外汇管理总局或者分局批准,不得私自保存外汇,不得将外汇存放境外,不得以外汇收入抵作外汇支出,不得借用、调用国家驻外机构以及设在外国和港澳等地区的企业、事业单位的外汇。
第七条 境内机构非经国务院批准,不得在国内外发行具有外汇价值的有价证券。
第八条 境内机构接受外国或者港澳等地区的银行、企业的贷款,必须分别由国务院主管部门或者省、市、自治区人民政府汇总,编制年度贷款计划,经国家外汇管理总局和外国投资管理委员会核报国务院批准。
贷款审批办法,另行规定。
第九条 境内机构的留成外汇,非贸易和补偿贸易项下先收后付的备付外汇,贷入的自由外汇,以及经国家外汇管理总局或者分局批准持有的其他外汇,都必须在中国银行开立外汇存款帐户或者外汇额度帐户,按照规定的范围使用,并受中国银行监督。
第十条 境内机构进出口贷物,经办银行应当凭海关查验后的进出口许可证,或者凭进出口货物报关单,检查其外汇收支。
第十一条 国家驻外机构必须按照国家批准的计划使用外汇。
设在外国和港澳等地区的企业、事业单位从事经营所得的利润,除按照国家批准的计划可以留存当地营运者外,都必须按期调回,卖给中国银行。
一切驻外机构不得自行为境内机构保存外汇。
第十二条 临时派往外国和港澳等地区的代表团、工作组,必须分别按照各该专项计划使用外汇。公毕回国,必须将剩余的外汇及时调回,经核销后卖给中国银行。
前款代表团、工作组及其成员,从事各项业务活动所得外汇,必须及时调回;除经国家外汇管理总局或者分局批准,不得存放境外。

第三章 对个人的外汇管理
第十三条 居住在中国境内的中国人、外国侨民和无国籍人,由外国和港澳等地区汇入的外汇,除国家允许留存的部分外,必须卖给中国银行。
第十四条 居住在中国境内的中国人、外国侨民和无国籍人,存放在中国境内的外汇,允许个人持有。
前款外汇,不得私自携带、托带或者邮寄出境;如需出售,必须卖给中国银行,同时允许按照国家规定的比例留存部分外汇。
第十五条 居住在中国境内的中国人在中华人民共和国成立前、华侨在回国定居前、港澳同胞在回乡定居前,存放在外国或者港澳等地区的外汇,调回境内的,允许按照国家规定的比例留存部分外汇。
第十六条 派赴外国或者港澳等地区的工作人员、学习人员公毕返回,如汇入或者携入属于个人所有的外汇,允许全部留存。
第十七条 本条例第十三、十四、十五条规定的允许个人留存的外汇,其留存比例,另行规定。
本条例第十三、十四、十五、十六条规定的允许个人留存的外汇,必须存入中国银行。此项外汇存款,可以卖给中国银行,可以通过中国银行汇出境外,也可以凭中国银行证明携出境外;但是,不得将存款凭证私自携带、托带或者邮寄出境。
第十八条 来中国的外国人,短期回国的华侨、回乡的港澳同胞,应聘在中国境内机构工作的外籍专家、技术人员、职工,以及外籍留学生、实习生等,由外国或者港澳等地区汇入或者携入的外汇,可以自行保存,可以卖给或者存入中国银行,也可以汇出或者携出境外。
第十九条 居住在中国境内的中国人、外国侨民和无国籍人,如需购买外汇汇出或者携出境外,可以向当地外汇管理分局申请,经批准后,由中国银行卖给。
应聘在中国境内机构工作的外籍专家、技术人员和职工,汇出或者携出外汇,由中国银行按照合同、协议的规定办理。

第四章 对外国驻华机构及其人员的外汇管理
第二十条 各国驻华外交代表机构、领事机构、商务机构,驻华的国际组织机构和民间机构,外交官,领事官以及各该机构所属常驻人员,由外国或者港澳等地区汇入或者携入的外汇,可以自行保存,可以卖给或者存入中国银行,也可以汇出或者携出境外。
第二十一条 各国驻华外交代表机构、领事机构,收取中国公民以人民币交付的签证费、认证费,如要求兑成外汇,必须经国家外汇管理总局或者分局批准。

第五章 对侨资企业、外资企业、中外合资经营企业及其人员的外汇管理
第二十二条 侨资企业、外资企业、中外合资经营企业的一切外汇收入,都必须存入中国银行;一切外汇支出,从其外汇存款帐户中支付。
前款企业必须定期向国家外汇管理总局或者分局填送外汇业务报表,国家外汇管理总局或者分局有权检查其外汇收支的活动情况。
第二十三条 侨资企业、外资企业、中外合资经营企业与中华人民共和国境内的企业或者个人之间的结算,除经国家外汇管理总局或者分局核准者外,都应当使用人民币。
第二十四条 侨资企业、外资企业、中外合资经营企业的外国合营者依法纳税后的纯利润和其他正当收益,可以向中国银行申请从企业的外汇存款帐户中汇出。
前款企业、外国合营者,如将外汇资本转移到中国境外,应当向国家外汇管理总局或者分局申请,从企业的外汇存款帐户中汇出。
第二十五条 侨资企业、外资企业、中外合资经营企业中的外籍职工和港澳职工依法纳税后,汇出或者携出外汇,以不超过其本人工资等正当净收益的百分之五十为限。
第二十六条 依法停止营业的侨资企业、外资企业、中外合资经营企业,在中国境内的未了债务、税务事项,应当在有关主管部门和国家外汇管理总局或者分局的共同监督下,负责按期清理。

第六章 对外汇、贵金属和外汇票证等进出国境的管理
第二十七条 携带外汇、贵金属、贵金属制品进入中国国境,数量不受限制;但是,必须向入境地海关申报。
携带或者复带外汇出境,海关凭中国银行证明或者凭原入境时的申报单放行。
携带或者复带贵金属、贵金属制品出境,海关区别情况按照国家规定或者按照原入境时的申报单放行。
第二十八条 携带人民币旅行支票、旅行信用证等人民币外汇票证,入境时,海关凭申报单放行;出境时,海关凭中国银行证明或者凭原入境时的申报单放行。
第二十九条 居住在中国境内的中国人,持有境外的债券、股票、房地契,以及同处理境外债权、遗产、房地产和其他外汇资产有关的各种证书、契约,非经国家外汇管理总局或者分局批准,不得携带、托带或者邮寄出境。
第三十条 居住在中国境内的中国人、外国侨民和无国籍人所持有的人民币支票、汇票、存折、存单等人民币有价凭证,不得携带、托带或者邮寄出境。

第七章 附 则
第三十一条 对违反本条例规定者,任何单位、个人都有权检举揭发。对检举揭发有功的单位、个人,给予奖励。对违法案件,由国家外汇管理总局、分局,或者由公安部门、工商行政管理部门、海关,按其情节轻重,强制实行收兑外汇,单处或者并处罚款、没收财物,或者由司法机
关依法惩处。
第三十二条 经济特区、边境贸易和边民往来的外汇管理办法,由有关省、市、自治区人民政府根据本条例规定结合当地具体情况制订,报国务院批准后施行。
第三十三条 本条例的施行细则,由国家外汇管理总局制定。
第三十四条 本条例自一九八一年三月一日起施行。(附英文)


Important Notice: (注意事项)

英文本源自中华人民共和国务院法制局编译, 中国法制出版社出版的《中华人民
共和国涉外法规汇编》(1991年7月版).
当发生歧意时, 应以法律法规颁布单位发布的中文原文为准.
This English document is coming from the "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.

Whole Document (法规全文)

INTERIM REGULATIONS ON FOREIGN EXCHANGE CONTROL OF THE PEOPLE'S
REPUBLIC OF CHINA
(Promulgated by the State Council on December 18, 1980)

Chapter I General Provisions

Article 1
These Regulations are formulated for the purpose of strengthening foreign
exchange control, increasing national foreign exchange income and
economizing on foreign exchange expenditure so as to facilitate the
development of national economy and safeguard the rights and interests of
the country.
All foreign exchange income and expenditure, the issuance and circulation
of all kinds of payment instruments in foreign currency, and the carrying
of foreign exchange, precious metals and payment instruments in foreign
currency into and out of the territory of the People's Republic of China
shall be governed by these Regulations.
Article 2
Foreign exchange mentioned in these Regulations refers to:
a. foreign currencies, including banknotes, coins, etc.
b. securities in foreign currency, including government bonds, treasury
bills, corporate bonds and debentures, stocks, and interest coupons, etc.
c. instruments payable in foreign currency, including bills, drafts,
cheques, bank deposit certificates, postal savings certificates, etc.
d. other foreign exchange funds.
Article 3
The People's Republic of China pursues the policy of centralized control
and unified management of foreign exchange by the State.
The administrative agency of the People's Republic of China in charge of
foreign exchange control is the State Administration of Foreign Exchange
Control (SAFEC) and its branch offices.
The specialized bank of the People's Republic of China engaged in foreign
exchange business is the Bank of China. No other financial institution
shall engage in foreign exchange business, unless approved by the SAFEC.
Article 4
All Chinese and foreign organizations or individuals within the territory
of the People's Republic of China must, unless otherwise stipulated by
law, decrees and these Regulations, sell their foreign exchange to the
Bank of China. Any foreign exchange they required is to be sold to them by
the Bank of China in accordance with the plans approved by the State or
with relevant provisions.
The circulation, use and mortgage of foreign currency, the unauthorized
sales and purchases of foreign exchange, and the unlawful procurement of
foreign exchange or evasion of foreign exchange control by whatever means
are prohibited within the territory of the People's Republic of China.

Chapter II Foreign Exchange Control Relating to State Units and Collective Economic Organizations

Article 5
All the foreign exchange incomes and expenditures of State organs, units
of the armed forces, nongovernmental bodies, schools, State enterprises,
institutions and urban and rural collective economic organizations within
China's territory (hereinafter referred to as organizations within
territory) are all subject to planned control. Organizations within
territory are permitted to hold their retained foreign exchange in
accordance with the relevant provisions.
Article 6
Unless approved by the SAFEC or its branch offices, organizations within
territory shall not possess foreign exchange; deposit foreign exchange
abroad; offset foreign exchange expenditure against foreign exchange
income; or use the foreign exchange belonging to State organs stationed
abroad or enterprises and institutions established in foreign countries or
in the Hong Kong and Macao regions by the State, by way of borrowing or
acquisition.
Article 7
Unless approved by the State Council, organizations within territory shall
not issue securities with foreign exchange value inside or outside China.
Article 8
With regard to loans to be accepted by organizations within territory from
banks or enterprises in foreign countries or in the Hong Kong and Macao
regions, the relevant competent departments under the State Council or the
relevant people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions and
municipalities directly under the Central Government shall consolidate and
draw up overall annual plans for such loans which must be submitted to the
SAFEC and the Foreign Investment Control Commission for examination and
transmission to the State Council for approval.
The measures for examining and approving such loans shall be prescribed
separately.
Article 9
Any foreign exchange held by organizations within territory, including
their retained foreign exchange, non-trade foreign exchange and foreign
exchange under compensatory trade received in advance and reserved for
later payments, funds borrowed in convertible foreign currencies and other
foreign exchange held with the approval of the SAFEC or its branch offices
must be placed in foreign currency deposit accounts or foreign currency
quota accounts to be opened with the Bank of China, and must be used
within the prescribed scope and be subject to the supervision of the Bank
of China.

Article 10
When organizations within territory import or export goods, the banks
handling the transactions shall check their foreign exchange receipts and
payments either against the import or export licenses duly verified by the
Customs or against the Customs declaration forms for imports or exports.
Article 11
State organs stationed abroad must use foreign exchange according to the
plan approved by the State.
The profits derived from their business operations by enterprises and
institutions established in foreign countries or in the Hong Kong and
Macao regions, except for the portion kept there as working funds
according to the plan approved by the State, must be transferred back on
schedule and be sold to the Bank of China.
No organization stationed abroad is permitted to keep foreign exchange for
organizations within territory without authorization.
Article 12
Delegations and working groups sent temporarily to foreign countries or to
the Hong Kong and Macao regions must use foreign exchange according to
their respective specific plans, and must, upon completion of their
missions and return, promptly transfer back to China their surplus foreign
exchange to be checked by and sold to the Bank of China. Foreign exchange
earned in their various business activities by the delegations and working
groups mentioned in the preceding paragraph and by members thereof, must
be promptly transferred back to China and must not be kept abroad without
the approval of the SAFEC or its branch offices.

Chapter III Foreign Exchange Control Relating to Individuals

Article 13
Foreign exchange remitted from foreign countries or from the Hong Kong and
Macao regions to Chinese, foreign nationals and stateless persons residing
in China must be sold to the Bank of China, except the portion retained as
permitted by the State.
Article 14
Chinese, foreign nationals and stateless persons residing in China shall
be permitted to keep in their own possession foreign exchange already in
China.
The foreign exchange mentioned in the preceding paragraph shall not,
without authorization, be carried or sent out of China either by owners or
by others or by post. If the owners need to sell the foreign exchange,
they must sell it to the Bank of China and are permitted to retain a
portion of the foreign exchange according to the percentage prescribed by
the State.
Article 15
When the foreign exchange that has been kept in foreign countries or in
the Hong Kong and Macao regions by Chinese residing in China prior to the
founding of the People's Republic of China, by overseas Chinese prior to
their returning to and settling down in China, or by Hong Kong and Macao
compatriots prior to their returning to and settling down in their native
places, is transferred to China, the owners shall be permitted to retain a
portion of the foreign exchange according to the percentage prescribed by
the State.
Article 16
When the foreign exchange belonging personally to individuals sent to work
or study in foreign countries or in the Hong Kong and Macao regions is
remitted or brought back to China, the owners, upon the completion of
their missions and return, shall be permitted to retain the entire amount
of the foreign exchange.
Article 17
The percentages of foreign exchange retention permitted under Articles 13,
14, and 15 of these Regulations shall be prescribed separately.
Foreign exchange retained by individuals as permitted under Articles 13,
14, 15, and 16 of these Regulations must be deposited with the Bank of
China. These foreign exchange deposits may be sold to the Bank of China or
remitted out of China through the Bank of China, or taken out of China
against certification by the Bank of China. It is however not permitted,
without authorization, to carry or send deposit certificates out of China
either by holders or by others or by post.

Article 18
The foreign exchange remitted or brought into China from foreign countries
or from the Hong Kong and Macao regions by foreign nationals coming to
China, by overseas Chinese and Hong Kong and Macao compatriots returning
for a short stay, by foreign experts, technicians, staff members and
workers engaged to work in organizations within China, and by foreign
students and trainees, may be kept in their own possession, or sold to or
deposited with the Bank of China, or remitted or taken out of China.
Article 19
Chinese, foreign nationals and stateless persons residing in China may
apply to the local branch offices of the SAFEC for the purchase of foreign
exchange to be remitted or taken out of China. Upon approval of such
applications, the required foreign exchange shall be sold to the
applicants by the Bank of China.
When foreign experts, technicians, staff members and workers engaged to
work in organizations within territory are to remit or take out of China
their foreign exchange, the Bank of China shall handle the matter in
accordance with the stipulations as provided in the relevant contracts or
agreements.

Chapter IV Foreign Exchange Control Relating to Foreign Resident Representative Offices in China and Their Personnel

Article 20
Foreign exchange remitted or brought into China from foreign countries or
from the Hong Kong and Macao regions by foreign diplomatic missions,
consular posts, commercial offices, offices of international organizations
and nongovernmental bodies resident office in China, foreign diplomatic
and consular officers as well as other resident staff members of the
aforesaid missions, posts and offices, may be kept in their own
possession, or sold to or deposited with the Bank of China, or remitted or
taken out of China.
Article 21
The conversion into foreign currency, if required, of visa and
certification fees received in Renminbi from Chinese citizens by foreign
diplomatic missions and consular posts in China, is subject to approval by
the SAFEC or its branch offices.

Chapter V Foreign Exchange Control Relating to Enterprises with Overseas Chinese Capital, Foreign-Capital Enterprises, and Chinese- Foreign Equity Joint Ventures and Their Personnel

Article 22
All foreign exchange receipts of enterprises with overseas Chinese
capital, foreign-capital enterprises and Chinese-foreign equity joint
ventures must be deposited with the Bank of China, and all their foreign
exchange disbursements must be effected from their foreign exchange
deposit accounts.
The enterprises mentioned in the preceding paragraph must periodically
submit their statements of foreign exchange business to the SAFEC or its
branch offices, all of which are empowered to check on the movements of
the foreign exchange receipts and payments of these enterprises.
Article 23
Except where otherwise approved by the SAFEC or its branch offices,
Renminbi shall in all cases be used in the settlement of accounts between
enterprises with overseas Chinese capital, foreign-capital enterprises,
Chinese-foreign equity joint ventures on the one hand and other
enterprises or individuals residing in the People's Republic of China on
the other hand.
Article 24
Enterprises with overseas Chinese capital, foreign-capital enterprises and
foreign joint venturers in Chinese-foreign equity joint ventures may apply
to the Bank of China for remitting abroad their net profits as well as
other legitimate earnings after taxation according to law, by debiting the
foreign exchange deposit accounts of the enterprises concerned.
Where the enterprises and foreign joint ventures mentioned in the
preceding paragraph are to transfer foreign exchange capital abroad, they
shall apply to the SAFEC or its branch offices for the transfer by
debiting the foreign exchange deposit accounts of the enterprises
concerned.
Article 25
An amount not exceeding 50% of their after-tax legitimate net earnings
from wages, etc. may be remitted or taken out of China in foreign
currency by staff members and workers of foreign nationality and those
from the Hong Kong and Macao regions employed by enterprises with overseas
Chinese capital, foreign-capital enterprises and Chinese-foreign equity
joint ventures.
Article 26
Enterprises with overseas Chinese capital, foreign-capital enterprises and
Chinese-foreign equity joint ventures which wind up operations in
accordance with legal procedure, shall be responsible for the liquidation,
within the scheduled period, of their outstanding liabilities and taxes
due in China under the joint supervision of the relevant competent
departments and the SAFEC or its branch offices.

Chapter VI Control Relating to Carrying Foreign Exchange, Precious Metals and Payment Instruments in Foreign Currency into and out of China

Article 27
No restriction as to the amount is imposed on the carrying into China of
foreign exchange, precious metals and objects made from them, but
declaration to the Customs is required at the place of entry.
To carry out of China foreign exchange or the foreign exchange previously
brought in shall be permitted by the Customs against certification by the
Bank of China or against the original declaration form filled out at the
time of entry.
To carry out of China precious metals and objects made from them or the
precious metals and objects made from them previously brought in shall be
permitted by the Customs according to the specific circumstances as
prescribed by State regulations or against the original declaration form
filled out at the time of entry.
Article 28
To bring into China Renminbi traveller's cheques, traveller's letters of
credit and other Renminbi payment instruments convertible into foreign
currency shall be permitted by the Customs against the declaration form
filled out at the Customs; and to take the same out of China shall be
permitted by the Customs against certification by the Bank of China or
against the original declaration form filled out at the time of entry.
Article 29
Unless otherwise approved by the SAFEC or its branch offices, it is not
permitted to carry or send out of China by holders or by others or by post
such certificates and deeds held by Chinese residing in China as bonds,
debentures, share certificates issued abroad; title deeds for real estate
abroad; other documents or deeds involving the disposal of creditor's
right, inheritance, real estate or other foreign exchange assets abroad.
Article 30
The carrying or sending out of China of Renminbi instruments, such as
Renminbi cheques, drafts, passbooks and deposit certificates, held by
Chinese or foreign nationals or stateless persons residing in China, is
not permitted, either by holders or by others or by post.

Chapter VII Supplementary Provisions

Article 31
All units and individuals have the right to report any violation of these
Regulations. Rewards shall be given to such units or individuals
according to the merits of the report. Violators shall be penalized by the
SAFEC, its branch offices or by public security organs, or by
administrative departments of industry and commerce, or by the Customs. In
light of the seriousness of the offence, the penalties may take the form
of compulsory exchange of the foreign currency for Renminbi, or fine or
confiscation of the properties or both, or punishment by judicial organs
according to law.
Article 32
The exchange control measures for special economic zones, for frontier
trade and for personal dealings between inhabitants across the border
shall be formulated, in accordance with these Regulations, by the people's
governments of the provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities
directly under the Central Government in the light of actual local
conditions, be submitted to the State Council for approval and be enforced
thereupon.
Article 33
Rules for the implementation of these Regulations shall be formulated by
the SAFEC.
Article 34
These Regulations shall enter into effect on March 1, 1981.



1980年12月18日

广州市城镇房屋和用地登记办法

广东省广州市人民政府


广州市城镇房屋和用地登记办法
广州市人民政府



第一条 为加强本市的房地产权属管理,保护房屋所有权人(含共有权人,以下同)和土地使用人的合法权益,适应城市建设需要,依据我国宪法、法律和有关的政策规定,结合本市的情况制定本办法。
第二条 除军队营房外,凡在本市城镇的全民所有、集体所有和私人所有的房屋使及其使用的国有土地,均应由房屋所有权人或土地使用人(简称“权利人”),按照本办法向广州市房地产管理机关(简称市房管机关)申请登记,由市房管机关审查确认权属,分别发证。
第三条 凡单位自管的房屋及其用地,由自管单位申请登记;房管、民政部门经营的房屋及其用地,由承管单位申请登记;私人所有的房屋和使用的土地;由房屋权利人申请登记;凡房屋共有或土地共有的,权利人应会同一起申请登记。
权利人因故不能亲自申请登记的,可出其委托书委托代理人办理;不能按市房管机关公布的期限办理的,应申请延期,由市房管机关核定延期时间。
第四条 权利人一方或多方拒不会同申请登记的,由市房管机关书面通知限期办理申请登记。逾期仍不办理的,按本办法第九条规定处理。
第五条 房屋或用地登记,均应以权利人的现名或名称申请登记,凡有与现名或名称不符的应申请更名登记。
第六条 房屋或用地如有权属纠纷,可由当事人协商解决,或由街道调解委员会调解,或当事人向市房屋机关申请裁决或向人民法院起诉。待权利确定后才能办理登记手续。
第七条 经核准的房屋或用地登记,按下列情况分类发证:
(一)解放时原按系统接管属于公有的房屋,依法收归国有的房屋,国家、地方投资,拨款建购的房屋,公私合营作固定资产管理的房屋和已纳入房管、民政部门经管的公房,对管业单位发给房屋临时管业证。
(二)全民所有制、企、事业和集体所有制单位自筹资金建购的房屋,宗教团体所有以及私人所有的房屋,发给房屋所有权证。
(三)房管部门拨借给单位使用的房屋和单位现已使用产权未清的房屋,发给房屋使用证。
(四)国家机关、企业、事业单位、团体、个人使用的国有土地,按合法使用面积发给国有土地使用证。
第八条 一幢房屋属一个单位(人)所有的,发给所有权证;几个单位(人)共有而不能分割登记的发给共有权产证。属于公寓或单元式的可按单元分别发给所有权证或共有权证。
一块土地属一单位(人)使用,或几个单位(人)共用而又不能分割登记的,可分别按建筑面积与土地面积的比例大小,发给土地使用证。
第九条 凡领取了市房地产管理机关核发的房屋产权证和国有土地使用证的房屋和用地,国家依法给予保护,权利者按所持证件依法享受权利和承担义务。逾期不登记的房屋,由市房地产管理机关依法通告代管,如属无主房,由人民法院依法处理。逾期不登记使用的土地,由市房管机
关通告收回统一安排使用。
第十条 申请房屋和用地登记或房屋转移、变更登记,应按下列要求分别提交足以证明权属来源的各种主要证明或证件:
(一)新建的房屋,须提交城建规划部门批准的报建证明和建筑图纸。
(二)翻建和扩建、加建、改建的房屋,须提交原房屋所有权证和经城建规划部门批准的报建证明、建筑图纸。
(三)购买已确定产权的房屋,须提交原房屋所有权证和经广州市房屋交易所监证过户的买卖合同;购买商品房屋,须提交出售单位的立契证明和经交易所监证的证明。
(四)受赠的房屋,须提交原房屋所有权证和赠与公证书。
(五)继承的房屋,须提交原房屋所有权和继承公证书。
(六)交换的房屋,须提交双方的房屋所有权证和经监证的交换协议书。
(七)合建的房屋,须提交经监证的合建协议书和房屋所有权证,报建证明、建筑图纸。
(八)征用补偿的房屋,须提交经监证的补偿协议书和征用单位证明。
(九)分家析产、分割的房屋,须提交原房屋所有权证和分家析产或分割的协议书。
(十)原公私合营的房屋,须提交房屋所有权证和清产核资的有关证明。
(十一)因债权债务而发生他项权利设定登记的房屋,须提交原房屋所有权证和经公证确认的债权债务合约书。
(十二)解放后按系统接管的房屋,须提交当时接管的有关文件。
(十三)受拨借的房屋,须提交拨借的有关文件。
(十四)获准拆除淘汰的房屋,须提交房屋所有权证和批准拆除淘汰的证明。
(十五)使用的土地,须提交经批准使用的证明或证件。
(十六)土地使用发生变化而变更的,应提交原土地使用证或原批准使用的证明和现使用情况的证明。
第十一条 申请登记应履行下列手续:
(一)申请人按照本办法第十条之规定提交有关的证明、证件。如申请人遗失权利来源证明、证件,须由发出证的、证件的部门出具证明;遗失产权证者,须登报声明作废,并出具管业旁证备查。
(二)缴验身份证件,个人登记的须提交身份证、户口薄;单位登记的须出具单位证明。
(三)填写申报产权人或代表人、代理人的姓名、性别、年龄、籍贯、职业、住址及房屋的座落、结构、面积、权利情形、土地使用面积情况等其他事项。
(四)依市房屋机关通知办理的其他手续。
第十二条 经登记发证后,其权利发生买卖、继承、赠与、交换、分析,他项权利设定或现状变更、契证遗失等,须自权属转移、变更完成之日起三个月内申请办理登记。
第十三条 有下列情况之一者,暂缓登记发证:
(一)房屋产权或土地使用权发生纠纷未解决者;
(二)非法占地和违章建筑未经处理者;
(三)房屋产权和用地来源不明,一时无法确定者;
(四)属临时使用的土地或擅自改变了使用性质的土地。
第十四条 申请人有下列行为之一者,由市房管机关通知其更正或驳回、撤销其登记。情节严重者,依法没收其非法所得,处以一千元以下罚款或向人人法院起诉:
(一)不使用真实姓名、名称申请登记或隐匿权利情况者;
(二)伪造证明、证件或蒙混登记者;
(三)侵占他人房产、冒名登记者;
(四)非法变卖国家房产者;
(五)非法出租、买卖土地和违反规定侵占耕地建房者;
(六)其他违反房地产政策法令规定者。
第十五条 申请人对撤销、驳回登记的处理不服的,可以在接到通知之日起十五天内,向广州市房地产管理局局长申请复核或向人民法院起诉。
第十六条 要申请房屋和用地登记,须按规定交纳登记费和查丈费,收费标准:
(一)房屋产权登记,按房屋评定总价千分之一计收,最低收费十元,最高一百元。
(二)他项权利登记,按权利价值征收千分之零点五。
(三)土地使用登记,按使用面积每平方米两角计收,最低收费五元,最高五十元。
(四)房地查丈费:
房屋按建筑叠合面积总计算。用地按使用面积计算,在50平方米以下的收16.5元;50平方米以上100平方米的收22元;100平方米以上的,每增加100平方米以内的加收5.5元;不足100平方米按100平方米计收。
(五)除经核准延期外,凡逾期登记者,按逾期一个月加收登记费数额50%;逾期一个月以上至三个月以内加收100%;逾期三个月以上至半年加收200%;逾期半年以上至一年加收300%;一年以上加收400%。
(六)登记表、证的工本费按成本酌情计收。
第十七条 本办法公布前,凡持有市房管机关发的《房地产所有证》者,应一律按本办法申请更换新证。原《房地产所有证》只有地产面积而没有房产的,一律作废,不予登记;如用地建了房屋尚未办理房产登记的应进行变更登记。
第十八条 外国人于解放后合法所得的房屋及其用地的登记,可参照本办法。
第十九条 广州市属八县的房屋和用地登记,可参照本办法规定办理。
第二十条 本办法自公布之日起施行。广州市人民政府一九五三年三月二十六日颁发的《广州市房地产登记实施办法》同时作废。




1987年4月9日

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